Alcohol prevents involuntary functions of the body from reacting properly, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). So, when a person drinks excessively, their ability to breathe as well as control their gag reflex can be inhibited. Coupled with alcohol’s irritation to the stomach, it can lead to an unconscious person choking, potentially to death, on their own vomit. Alcohol poisoning can also cause seizures and stop both breathing and heartbeats.
Critical signs and symptoms of alcohol poisoning:
Mental confusion, stupor, coma or person cannot be roused
Vomiting
Seizures
Slow breathing (fewer than eight breaths per minute)
Irregular breathing (10 seconds or more between breaths)
Hypothermia (low body temperature), bluish skin color, paleness
What to do if you suspect someone has alcohol poisoning:
Know the danger signals
Do not wait for all symptoms to be present
Be aware that a person who has passed out may die
If there is any suspicion of an alcohol overdose, call 911 for help. Don’t try to guess the level of drunkenness.
What can happen if alcohol poisoning goes untreated?
Victim chokes on his or her own vomit
Breathing slows, becomes irregular or stops
Heart beats irregularly or stops
Hypothermia
Hypoglycemia (too little blood sugar) which can lead to seizures
Untreated severe dehydration from vomiting can cause seizures, permanent brain damage or death
